Fig. 1

Global timeline of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks and key events. The timeline spans from the late 19th century to the present, highlighting as red dots the first identified human cases of avian influenza in various continents, as well as the evolution of the virus. The graph also tracks the yearly global human cases and deaths associated with H5N1 virus outbreaks. While cases in the current decade are still low, the recent increase in affected people is of concern