Fig. 2
From: NOX proteins and ROS generation: role in invadopodia formation and cancer cell invasion
Activation and function of NOX1 in invadopodia formation. Activation mechanism of NOX1 within invadopodia and its contribution to the localized production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The figure highlights the formation of the NOX1 complex, which includes the recruitment of the cytosolic activator proteins NoxO1, NoxA1, Rac, and the p22phox scaffold protein. The SRC-dependent phosphorylation of Tks4 and Tks5 facilitates the interaction with NoxA1, leading to NOX1 activation and ROS production. These ROS play a crucial role in the formation and function of invadopodia, enabling cancer cell invasion by enhancing the proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) within invadopodia. The figure also shows the overall importance of NOX1 in modulating the invasive phenotype in cancer cells